Charlotte Mueller points out in “Migration and Knowledge Transfer” (NVVN blog) that “migrants can be knowledge senders and knowledge receivers simultaneously, in their country of destination as well as in their country of origin.” Knowledge transfer and human migration can both be “circular.”
Describes the Assumptionist and Oblate missions as part of the Mission d'Orient in the Ottoman Empire, focusing on them as a cultural bridge that fostered the exchange of knowledge between East and West.