Charlotte Mueller points out in “Migration and Knowledge Transfer” (NVVN blog) that “migrants can be knowledge senders and knowledge receivers simultaneously, in their country of destination as well as in their country of origin.” Knowledge transfer and human migration can both be “circular.”
What migrants relay about a host country to their country of origin is shaped by competing pressures that transform knowledge. The reports of two London-based correspondents to prerevolutionary Russia illustrate this point.